'Earth's civilizations are shaped by what the ocean engine does,' says oceanographer Helen Czerski

It is a myth that the ocean turnover takes hundreds of years. Back in the late 1980s oceanographers were surprised to find man-made CFCs in the abyssal depths of the ocean in the Antarctic Weddell Sea.

Dissolved chiorofluorocarbon studies in the Weddell Sea
JOHN L. BULLISTER

What down-wells in one place upwells in another....south Atlantic?